Form factor
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Gamepad. Remote controls in the gamepad form factor are supposed to be held with both hands. The controls in them are represented by buttons, levers, etc. The control elements are placed in such a way that they can be conveniently reached without changing (or almost without changing) the grip.
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Rectangular (box). Advanced controllers for controlling RC models usually have a rectangular or almost square shape. This category includes both remote controls with a screen that occupies the lion’s share of the front part of the controller body, and models with an extensive set of control elements for maximum control of all parameters. Such remote controls are supposed to be held with both hands. Often their design includes a service display for telemetry (see “Telemetry support”).
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Motion controller. Controllers for controlling the RC model using gestures and body movements. In most cases, they are devices held in the hand. Such remote controls have buttons and other traditional controls, but it is the movements tracked by the manipulator that play an important role. The action of the motion controller is often based on the use of mechanical sensors - an accelerometer and a gyroscope, but some models may include special additional equipment to improve accuracy.
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Pistol. Remote controls of this form factor are h
...eld in the hand like a pistol—hence the name. In the overwhelming majority, such controllers are designed to control RC machines, special equipment and boats. The gas trigger in pistol controls is usually placed under the index finger, and on the side of the body there is a ring that is responsible for turning the RU model. These organs can be supplemented with other elements to control auxiliary functions.Display
The presence of a
display controller in the design and the type of installed matrix.
The screen in remote controls for RC models can play different roles. Thus, it is possible to display a picture from the camera in real time on a color display, and service parameters are often superimposed on top of it (for example, flight altitude, speed, remaining battery charge level, all sorts of service notifications, etc.). Monochrome screens are usually assigned other tasks - first of all, they are responsible for tracking telemetry (for more details, see the corresponding paragraph).
It is customary to equip advanced controllers for RC models with a display. Simple remote controls are often presented
without a display. And according to the types of matrices, there are the following screen options in controllers:
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OLED. In the context of control controllers, OLED screens usually mean the simplest solutions with a black backing and white symbols for displaying settings and/or various service information. Such displays are based on organic light-emitting diodes, and their key advantage is the ability to easily read the displayed information in poor ambient lighting.
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LCD. As a rule, these are the simplest monochrome screens - either segmented to display a limited set of characters, or based on a single-color
...LCD matrix, suitable for text and basic graphic information. LCD screens provide additional convenience: they can display various important data, for example, the flight altitude of a conventional quadcopter, the speed of movement of the RC machine, the signal level, the remaining battery charge, notifications of problems, etc.
- TFT. A TFT display means a screen consisting not of segments, but of full pixels and suitable for displaying various types of data: graphic symbols, images, and even streaming video from an installed camera. TFT screens provide the most extensive visualization of settings; they are used in controllers for controlling drones and other RC models in FPV (First Person View) mode.Screen size
Display diagonal size in inches. The larger the display, the more accurate and easier to read the information displayed on it, the better the video stream can be seen on the screen in real time. On the other hand, a display that is too large entails an increase in the size and cost of the controller. In remote controls with the ability to display only service parameters, the screen size is usually from 1 to 3 inches, in copies with full color matrices and support for broadcasting a video stream - about 5 - 7 inches diagonally.
Transmitter power
Rated power of the transmitter installed in the controller. This is an important parameter for ensuring reliable control of the RC model at a distance. The power of the transmitter is measured in milliwatts (mW), and the higher the number, the further the signal reaches and the more reliable control will be over long distances or in conditions of interference. In professional models of remote controls, the transmitter power can exceed 1000 mW (1 W).
Firmware
Open source firmware for RU-model radio transmitters. They are supposed to be used for piloting drones, model airplanes and helicopters. Currently, the following options are widespread:
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OpenTX. Software firmware with wide capabilities that allows you to flexibly configure various controller control parameters: channel functions, feedback, switch logic and much more. OpenTX has a large community of users and developers, ensuring continuous development and support of the firmware.
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EdgeTX. A fork from the original OpenTX firmware (see above), released to introduce new features. Thus, EdgeTX debuted touch screen support on transmitting equipment, and in general the firmware offers a more intuitive user interface. EdgeTX provides advanced RC customization options for quadcopters.
—FreedomTX Firmware based on OpenTX and EdgeTX (see relevant paragraphs), but with its own unique features. In particular, its main goal is to create open source software for radio control, which is completely free from any restrictions of patents and licenses. FreedomTX strives to provide complete freedom and independence from the external framework provided with drone remote controls.
Controls
The total number of controls in the remote control directly depends on the design, manufacturer, model and, most importantly, the purpose of the controller. This paragraph specifies all switches, buttons, sticks, sliders, scroll wheels and other elements used to control the RC model.
Gimbal adjustment
Adjustment of gimbals (sticks) in remote controls for RC models is usually carried out at the physical level. This could be changing the angle of deflection of the levers, replacing or tensioning the springs to adjust the sensitivity, adjusting the tips to increase the speed of the suspension's response to control commands. In practice, such adjustment helps to optimize the behavior of the RC model in accordance with user preferences.
Vibration
One of the options for implementing feedback.
Vibration is the controller’s reaction to certain events occurring with the RC model. For example, it may indicate that the permissible speed or altitude limit has been exceeded, signal a strong headwind or low batteries, etc. The remote control vibrates to inform the operator about important events that should not be overlooked.
Headphone output
Audio output for connecting wired headphones.
The headphone output in the design of remote controls is usually represented by a classic mini-Jack connector (3.5 mm).
This interface is used to listen to sound signals and voice notifications directly through headphones. This may be important for providing privacy (without attracting attention from others), better sound insulation from external noise, making commands more clearly audible, etc.